The legal nature of the revocation of donation

Authors

Abstract

This article examines the legal nature of the revocation of donations under Brazilian civil law, as provided in Articles 555 and 562 of the Civil Code, in light of general contract theory. Given the doctrinal divergence regarding its classification — whether as a form of unilateral termination or as termination for breach— the study investigates the legal requirements of revocation and compares them with the structural elements of traditional contractual termination mechanisms. Based on statutory and doctrinal analysis, the article concludes that both the revocation for nonperformance of the charge and that based on the donee's ingratitude are grounded in contractual or post-contractual breach, thus qualifying as a form of resolution, even though applicable to a unilateral and gratuitous contract. The study emphasizes that the legal classification of revocation must consider its grounds and legal effects, rather than the terminology employed by the legislator.

Author Biography

Ronaldo Guaranha Merighi , Universidade Paulista (UNIP)

Graduado em Direito pela Universidade de São Paulo. Mestre em Direito pela Universidade de Franca e Doutor em Direito pela Universidade Nove de Julho. Atua no magistério superior desde 1999, sendo Professor Adjunto da Universidade Paulista desde 2000, na área de Direito Civil, com ênfase em Obrigações e Contratos. É Juiz de Direito do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo desde 1991. Membro do Instituto Brasileiro de Direito Contratual (IBDCONT), é autor de artigos jurídicos e do livro Lei da Liberdade Econômica e as Modificações nos Contratos do Código Civil (Juruá, 2025).

Published

2026-03-27

How to Cite

Guaranha Merighi , R. (2026). The legal nature of the revocation of donation. Revista Brasileira De Direito Civil, 34(3), 55–71. Retrieved from https://rbdcivil.ibdcivil.org.br/rbdc/article/view/1167